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The right selection of gold processing equipment directly impacts recovery rates, operating costs, and production efficiency. Equipment varies significantly depending on ore type and processing flowsheet. Many processing plants suffer from low recovery, high energy consumption, and frequent breakdowns simply due to poor equipment selection.
Based on practical industry experience, this article covers the core equipment used in the three most widely applied gold processing methods — cyanidation, flotation, and gravity separation — to help you make informed and accurate equipment choices.
1. High-Efficiency, Low-Consumption Rapid Desorption Electrolysis System
This equipment recovers gold from loaded carbon by desorption and electrolysis under high temperature and pressure. Anions adsorbable by activated carbon are added to displace Au(CN)₂⁻, and the pregnant solution is electrolyzed to produce solid gold mud with high efficiency and low power consumption.
2. Double-Impeller Leaching Agitation Tank
Widely used in carbon-in-pulp (CIP/CIL) gold extraction processes. Air enters through the central drive shaft and is dispersed evenly by impellers. The tank ensures uniform pulp mixing, stable flow, low power consumption, and consistent leaching performance.
3. Zinc Dust Replacement Unit
Used in the cyanidation-zinc displacement process to precipitate gold from pregnant solution, especially suitable for high-silver gold ores. The pregnant solution is purified and deaerated before entering the unit to produce high-grade gold mud.
4. Double / Triple-Layer Washing Thickener
Used for solid-liquid separation after gold leaching, supporting continuous operation and counter-current washing. It features large capacity, high washing efficiency, small footprint, low energy use, and low operating and maintenance costs.
5. Air Lifter
Uses compressed air to transport pulp. Simple in structure and easy to operate, it is widely used in gold processing flowsheets.
6. Carbon Screen
Specifically designed to separate activated carbon from pulp. With no moving parts, it is resistant to clogging, simple to operate, easy to maintain, and durable.
Two main types of flotation machines are used in gold flotation:
Self-aeration mechanical flotation cells (SF, BF, XJ series)
Forced-air mechanical flotation cells (KYF, XCF series)
Practical Selection Guidelines:
Self-aeration flotation cells are suitable for easy-to-float ores with low air demand.
For small and medium-scale gold plants, forced-air or self-aeration flotation cells with suction tanks are recommended.
For roughing and scavenging in large and ultra-large gold plants, forced-air flotation cells are preferred for high capacity and stability.
1. Jig Machine
Uses alternating vertical water flow to stratify minerals by density. Light minerals rise to the top and heavy minerals sink, then are discharged separately. Easy to operate with high processing capacity, ideal for gold roughing.
2. Shaking Table
Performs separation in horizontal flow. Particles stratify vertically and move laterally, with different grade bands discharged from separate points on the table. Stable performance, high enrichment ratio, clear mineral bands, and easy on-site management.
3. Spiral Chute
Separates minerals via inclined water flow, ideal for low-sliming fine-grained gold ore (particle size 0.03–0.6 mm). Simple structure, high capacity, low operating cost, suitable for pre-concentration and roughing.
There is no universal equipment for gold processing. The key is to match the process to the ore characteristics and the equipment to the process. Gravity separation for pre-concentration, flotation for upgrading, and cyanidation for gold recovery represent the most reliable and efficient route in the modern gold industry.
Whether processing vein gold, alluvial gold, or finely disseminated gold ore, or building, expanding, or upgrading a plant, proper equipment selection improves recovery, reduces energy use, and enhances stability.
Xinhai Mining provides gold ore processing tests, flowsheet design, equipment supply, and EPC services with customized "one-ore-one-solution" programs. If you need professional advice on equipment and flowsheets for your gold deposit, contact us. Our practical experience helps you operate more efficiently and profitably.
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