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As the iron in iron ore is magnetic, while many vein minerals are not magnetic. Therefore, magnetic separation has become the preferred process method for treating iron ore. The principle of magnetic separation process is to utilize the magnetic difference between minerals to improve the grade of iron ore concentrate, and at the same time improve the recovery rate of beneficiation. This paper introduces the flow, influencing factors, application cases and optimization strategies of iron ore magnetic separation process.
1. Crushing
The large ore is crushed to a suitable particle size to create good conditions for the subsequent magnetic separation process. In this process, jaw crusher, cone crusher and other equipment will be utilized to complete the crushing operation.
2. Screening
Through the screening of the ore into different particle size of the material, in order to carry out targeted processing. In this process, the screening equipment can choose linear vibrating screen, circular vibrating screen and so on. After screening the ore can be divided into coarse-grained, medium-grained and fine-grained level, different particle size of the ore in the subsequent magnetic separation process will have different ways of processing.
3. Grinding
Grinding the ore to a certain size, to ensure that the magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals can be effectively separated. Grinding equipment such as ball mill, rod mill, etc., according to the hardness of the ore and grinding requirements to choose the appropriate grinding equipment. The particle size of the ore after grinding should meet the processing requirements of the magnetic separation equipment, generally -0.074mm particle size accounted for 60% -70%.
1. Pre-selection
Pre-sorting before grinding, remove some of the low-grade ore, reduce the amount of subsequent processing of ore. Pre-selection equipment, such as permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator, can quickly separate out the minerals with strong magnetism and reduce the load of subsequent processing.
2. Weak magnetic separation
It is used to separate minerals with weak magnetic properties, such as hematite and limonite. Weak magnetic separation equipment, such as permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator, realizes effective separation of weakly magnetic minerals by adjusting the magnetic field strength and magnetic system structure.
3. Strong magnetic separation
Used to separate minerals with strong magnetism, such as magnetite. Strong magnetic separation equipment such as high gradient magnetic separator, through the role of high gradient magnetic field, can effectively separate the minerals with strong magnetism, improve the grade and recovery rate of iron ore concentrate.
1. Wet magnetic separator
Applicable to the treatment of fine-grained ores, through the magnetic field separation of magnetic minerals. Wet magnetic separator in the treatment of fine-grained ore, can effectively avoid the clogging and abrasion of the ore, and improve the beneficiation efficiency.
2. Dry magnetic separator
It is suitable for processing ores that do not need to be dewatered and separating magnetic minerals through magnetic field. Dry magnetic separator has the advantages of simple operation and convenient maintenance when processing dry ores.
3. High gradient magnetic separator
It is suitable for processing fine-grained ores and separating magnetic minerals through high gradient magnetic field. High gradient magnetic separator in the treatment of fine-grained ores, can effectively improve the recovery rate of magnetic minerals, especially suitable for the treatment of ores containing more magnetite.
1. Magnetic field strength
Magnetic field strength directly affects the effect of magnetic separation, need to be adjusted according to the nature of the ore. The appropriate magnetic field strength can effectively attract magnetic minerals and improve the efficiency of ore dressing.
2. Ore particle size
Ore particle size has a great influence on the effect of magnetic separation, too fine or too coarse particle size will affect the separation effect. Through reasonable crushing and grinding process, ensure that the ore particle size meets the processing requirements of magnetic separation equipment.
3. Slurry concentration
Slurry concentration will also affect the magnetic separation effect, need to be controlled within the appropriate range. Appropriate slurry concentration can ensure the fluidity of the ore in the magnetic separation equipment and separation effect.
1. High gradient magnetic separation
Used to deal with fine-grained ore, can effectively separate magnetic minerals. In an iron ore beneficiation project, the use of high gradient magnetic separator to deal with fine-grained ore, iron ore concentrate grade increased by 5 percentage points, recovery rate increased by 10%.
2. Strong magnetic separation
It is used to treat ores containing more magnetite, which can improve the grade and recovery of iron ore concentrate. In a magnetite ore beneficiation project, the use of strong magnetic separation process, iron ore concentrate grade of 68%, recovery rate of 85%.
1. Multi-segment magnetic separation
Through multi-stage magnetic separation can improve the separation effect, to ensure the quality of iron ore concentrate. In an iron ore beneficiation project, the use of two-stage magnetic separation process, iron ore concentrate grade increased by 3 percentage points, recovery rate increased by 8%.
2. Combined process
Combined with other beneficiation processes such as flotation and re-election, the beneficiation efficiency of iron ore can be further improved. In a complex iron ore beneficiation project, using the combined process of magnetic separation + flotation, the grade of iron ore concentrate reaches 65% and the recovery rate reaches 80%.
Above, we have introduced the preparation stage, process flow, beneficiation equipment and application examples of iron ore magnetic separation process. In the actual production, the ore should be beneficiation test first, and adopt appropriate beneficiation process to improve the beneficiation efficiency and concentrate grade. Xinhai Mineral Equipment can provide mining service(EPCM+O) for customers, if you need, please contact us.
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